LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Profiling and Antioxidant Activity of Phenolics from Custard Apple Fruit and By-Products

Custard apple is an edible fruit grown in tropical and subtropical regions. Due to its abundant nutrient content perceived health benefits, it a popular food for consumption utilized as medicinal aid. Although some published research had provided the phenolic compound of custard apple, comprehensive profiling Australian limited. Hence, this aimed evaluate antioxidant potential by various assays, followed characterization quantification profile using LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS HPLC-PDA. African Pride peel highest value TPC (61.69 ± 1.48 mg GAE/g), TFC (0.42 0.01 QE/g) TTC (43.25 6.70 CE/g), Pink’s Mammoth (19.37 GAE/g TPC, 0.27 0.03 QE/g 10.25 1.13 CE/g TTC). also exhibited TAC (43.41 1.66 AAE/g), FRAP (3.60 0.14 AAE/g) ABTS (127.67 4.60 whereas DPPH (16.09 0.34 RPA (5.32 •OH-RSA (1.23 0.25 FICA (3.17 0.18 EDTA/g). experiment successfully characterized 85 compounds total, encompassing acids (20), flavonoids (42), stilbenes (4), lignans (6) other polyphenols (13) all three parts (pulp, seeds) apple. The different portions apples were quantified HPLC-PDA, was shown that higher concentrations most phenolics. This first study provide apples, results highlight each part can be rich source phenolics utilization waste food, animal feeding nutraceutical industries.